Amandla elanga ngowona mthombo wamandla ufumaneka eMhlabeni.Inokuthinjwa kwaye isetyenziswe ngeendlela ezininzi, kwaye njengomthombo wamandla ohlaziyekayo, yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yekamva lethu lamandla acocekileyo.

Yintoni amandla elanga?Izinto eziphambili ezithathwayo

• Amandla elanga avela elangeni kwaye anokuthinjwa ngeetekhnoloji ezahlukeneyo, ngokukodwa iipaneli zelanga.
• I-"photovoltaic effect" yindlela apho iiphaneli ze-silicon zelanga zisebenzisa amandla elanga kwaye zivelise umbane.
• Ngaba uyafuna ukusebenzisa amandla elanga ngokwakho?Joyina i-EnergySage Marketplace ukuthelekisa iikowuti zelanga zepropathi yakho

Amandla elanga: yintoni na kwaye isebenza njani?

Ilanga lenza okungaphezulu kunesijikelezi-langa sethu kunokubonelela ngokukhanya nje emini - isuntswana ngalinye lokukhanya kwelanga (elibizwa ngokuba yifoton) elifika eMhlabeni liqulethe amandla aphembelela iplanethi yethu.Amandla elanga ngowona mthombo unoxanduva lwazo zonke iinkqubo zethu zemozulu kunye nemithombo yamandla eMhlabeni, kwaye imitha yelanga eyaneleyo ibetha umphezulu weplanethi nganye ngeyure ukuze izalise iimfuno zethu zamandla ehlabathi phantse unyaka wonke.

Avela phi onke la mandla?Ilanga lethu, njengayo nayiphi na inkwenkwezi kumnyele, lifana nesixhobo senyukliya esikhulu.Ngokunzulu kumbindi weLanga, ukuhlangana kwenyukliya kuvelise izixa ezikhulu zamandla aphuma ngaphandle ukusuka kumphezulu weLanga ukuya emajukujukwini ngendlela yokukhanya nobushushu.

Amandla elanga anokufakwa kwaye aguqulelwe kumandla asebenzisekayo usebenzisa i-photovoltaics okanye abaqokeleli belanga be-thermal.Nangona amandla elanga enza kuphela inani elincinci lokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwihlabathi liphela, ukuhla kweendleko zokufakela iipaneli zelanga kuthetha ukuba abantu abaninzi ngakumbi kwiindawo ezininzi banokusebenzisa amandla elanga.Ilanga sisixhobo samandla acocekileyo, ahlaziyekayo, kunye namanani adlala indima ebalulekileyo kwikamva lamandla ehlabathi.

Ukusebenzisa amandla elanga ukwenzela amandla asebenzisekayo

Zininzi iindlela zokusebenzisa amandla avela elangeni.Iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokusebenzisa amandla avela elangeni zi-photovoltaics kunye ne-solar thermal capture.Iifotovoltaics zixhaphake kakhulu kwiiprojekthi zombane ezincinci (njengofakelo lwepaneli yelanga yokuhlala), kunye nokubanjwa kwe-thermal yelanga ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa imveliso yombane kwizikali ezinkulu kufakelo olusetyenziswayo lwelanga.Ukongeza ekuveliseni umbane, ukuhluka kweqondo lokushisa eliphantsi kweeprojekthi ze-thermal zelanga zingasetyenziselwa ukufudumeza kunye nokupholisa.

ISolar yenye yeyona mithombo yamandla ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye inexabiso eliphantsi emhlabeni, kwaye iya kuqhubeka isasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwiminyaka ezayo.Ngokuphucula iteknoloji yepaneli yelanga ngonyaka, iinzuzo zoqoqosho zokuphucula ilanga, zongeza kwizinto ezisingqongileyo zokukhetha umthombo wamandla ococekileyo, ohlaziyiweyo.

Amandla elanga e-photovoltaic

Indlela eqhelekileyo yokuba abanini bepropati basebenzise amandla okukhanya kwelanga kunye ne-photovoltaic (PV) inkqubo yelanga.Ngenkqubo yePV yelanga, iiphaneli zelanga ziguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ngumbane onokuthi usetyenziswe ngokukhawuleza, ugcinwe kwibhetri yelanga, okanye uthunyelwe kwigridi yombane ukuze ufumane iikhredithi kwityala lakho lombane.

Iipaneli zelanga ziguqula amandla elanga kumbane osebenzisekayo ngokusebenzisa inkqubo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-photovoltaic effect.Ukukhanya kwelanga okungenayo kubetha imathiriyeli ye-semiconductor (ngokuqhelekileyo i-silicon) kwaye ibetha ii-electron ukuba zikhulule, ziqhube kwaye zivelise umsinga wombane onokubanjwa ngocingo.Lo mbane waziwa ngokuba ngumbane othe ngqo (direct current (DC)) kwaye kufuneka uguqulelwe kumbane otshintshanayo (AC) kusetyenziswa isiguquli selanga.Olu tshintsho luyimfuneko kuba igridi yombane yase-US isebenza kusetyenziswa umbane we-AC, njengoko zisenza uninzi lwezixhobo zombane zasekhaya.

Amandla elanga anokuthathwa kwizikali ezininzi kusetyenziswa i-photovoltaics, kwaye ukufakela iipaneli zelanga yindlela elumkileyo yokugcina imali kwibhili yakho yombane ngelixa unciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwakho kumafutha efosili angahlaziyekiyo.Iinkampani ezinkulu kunye nezixhobo zombane nazo zinokuzuza kwi-photovoltaic ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga ngokufakela izixhobo ezinkulu zelanga ezinokunika amandla ukusebenza kweenkampani okanye ukubonelela amandla kwigridi yombane.

Solar thermal

Indlela yesibini yokusebenzisa amandla elanga kukubamba ubushushu obuvela kwimitha yelanga ngokuthe ngqo kwaye busebenzise obo bushushu ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.Amandla e-thermal elanga anoluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa kunenkqubo ye-photovoltaic, kodwa ukusebenzisa amandla e-thermal yelanga ukwenzela ukuveliswa kombane kumanqanaba amancinci akwenzeki njengokusebenzisa i-photovoltaics.

Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziqhelekileyo zamandla obushushu belanga asetyenziswayo: ubushushu obuphantsi, obusetyenziselwa ukufudumeza nokupholisa;iqondo lobushushu eliphakathi, elisetyenziselwa ukufudumeza amanzi;kunye nobushushu obuphezulu, obusetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kombane.

Iinkqubo zobushushu obuphantsi bobushushu belanga bubandakanya ukufudumeza kunye nokupholisa umoya njengendlela yokulawula imozulu.Umzekelo wolu hlobo lokusetyenziswa kwamandla elanga kukuyilwa kolwakhiwo lwelanga.Kwiipropati ezakhelwe ukusetyenziswa kwamandla elanga, imitha yelanga ivunyelwa kwindawo yokuhlala ukuze ifudumale indawo kwaye ivalwe xa indawo ifuna ukupholiswa.

Iinkqubo zamandla obushushu aphakathi kubushushu belanga ziquka iinkqubo zokufudumeza kwamanzi ashushu elanga.Kuseto lwamanzi ashushu elanga, ubushushu obuvela elangeni bubanjwa ngabaqokeleli kuphahla lwakho.Obu bushushu bugqithiselwa kumanzi ahamba ngemibhobho yekhaya lakho ukuze ungaxhomekeki kwiindlela zemveli zokufudumeza amanzi, ezifana nezifudumezi zamanzi eziqhutywa ngeoyile okanye igesi.

Iinkqubo zamandla elanga zobushushu obuphezulu zisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa umbane kumlinganiselo omkhulu.Kwiplanti yombane obushushu belanga, izipili zijolisa imitha yelanga kwiityhubhu ezinolwelo ezinokubamba ubushushu kakuhle.Olu lwelo lushushu lunokuthi ke lusetyenziswe ukujika amanzi abe ngumphunga, nto leyo enokuthi emva koko ijike i-injini yomoya kwaye ivelise umbane.Olu hlobo lobuchwepheshe ludla ngokubizwa ngokuba ngamandla elanga agxininisiweyo.

Thatha inzuzo yamandla elanga kwipropathi yakho

Indlela efanelekileyo yokuba abanikazi bepropati ngabanye bagcine imali ngamandla elanga kukufaka inkqubo ye-photovoltaic yelanga yelanga.Ukufumana inkqubo elungileyo ngexabiso elifanelekileyo, kuya kufuneka uthenge kwi-EnergySage Solar Marketplace.Emva kokubhalisa, uya kufumana iikowuti zasimahla zelanga kubafakeli abafanelekileyo, abavavanyiweyo kwangaphambili besola kufutshane nawe.Ukujonga iingcaphuno kulungiselelo lwethu lwee-apile ukuya kwii-apile yindlela entle yokuqonda unikezelo kunye nokuthelekisa iimetriki eziphambili ezifana neemfuno zamandla ezihlanganyelweyo kunye neendleko ngewatt nganye.