Kutheni uphahla lwelanga?

Ndinezixhobo ezimbini zofakelo lwelanga eluphahleni eCarlifonia, zombini zinikwa iinkonzo yiPG&E. Olunye lurhwebo, olubuyisele iindleko zalo ezinkulu kwiminyaka elishumi elinanye. Kwaye enye yindawo yokuhlala enembuyekezo eqikelelwayo yeminyaka elishumi. Zombini ezi sistim ziphantsi kwe-net energy metering 2 (NEM 2) izivumelwano apho i-PG&E ivumayo ukundihlawula ireyithi yentengiso yawo nawuphi na umbane ewuthengayo kum isithuba seminyaka engamashumi amabini. (Okwangoku, iRhuluneli Newsomukuzama ukutshitshisa izivumelwano zeNEM ezi-2, endaweni yawo ngamagama amatsha angekaziwa.)

Ngoko ke, ziziphi iingenelo zokuvelisa umbane apho usetyenziswa khona? Yaye kutheni ifanele ixhaswe?

1. Ukwehliswa kweendleko zokuhanjiswa

Naziphi na ii-elektroni ezongezelelweyo eziveliswe yinkqubo yophahla lwendlu zithunyelwa kwindawo ekufutshane yemfuno - kwindlu yommelwane esecaleni okanye ngaphesheya kwesitalato. Ii-electron zihlala ebumelwaneni. Iindleko zePG&E zokuhambisa ezi electron zikufutshane neqanda.

Ukubeka le nzuzo ngokweedola, phantsi kwesivumelwano selanga sophahla saseCalifornia sangoku (NEM 3), iPG&E ihlawula abanini malunga ne-$.05 ngekWh yazo naziphi na ii-electron ezongezelelweyo. Emva koko ithumela ezo electron kumgama omfutshane ukuya kwindlu yommelwane kwaye ihlawulise ummelwane ngexabiso elipheleleyo lokuthengisa - okwangoku malunga ne-$.45 nge-kWh nganye. Isiphumo ngumda omkhulu wengeniso yePG&E.

2. Iziseko zophuhliso ezingaphantsi

Ukuvelisa umbane apho usetyenziswayo kunciphisa imfuneko yokwakhiwa kweziseko zoncedo ezongezelelweyo. Abahlawuli beerhafu ze-PG&E bahlawula zonke iindleko zokusevisa amatyala, zokusebenza nezokulungisa ezinxulumene neziseko zobonelelo zePG&E, ezithi, ngokutsho kwePG&E, ziquke i-40% okanye ngaphezulu yamatyala ombane ahlawuliweyo. Ke ngoko, nakuphi na ukuthotywa kwemfuno yeziseko zoncedo ezongezelelweyo kufuneka kumodareyithwe iireyithi - idibaniso enkulu kubahlawuli berhafu.

3. Umngcipheko omncinci wemililo yasendle

Ngokuvelisa umbane apho usetyenziswa khona, uxinzelelo lomthwalo ogqithisileyo kwiziseko ezingundoqo ezikhoyo ze-PG&E ziyancitshiswa ngexesha leemfuno eziphambili. Uxinzelelo oluphantsi lomthwalo ogqithisileyo kuthetha umngcipheko omncinci wemililo yamadlelo. (Imilinganiselo ye-PG&E yangoku ibonakalisa iintlawulo ezingaphezulu kwe-10 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi zokuhlawula iindleko zemililo ebangelwa kukungaphumeleli kwangaphambili kweziseko zobonelelo zePG&E - imirhumo yesimangalo, imirhumo kunye nezohlwayo, kunye neendleko zokwakhiwa kwakhona.)

Ngokuchaseneyo nomngcipheko womlilo wasendle wePG&E, ufakelo lwendawo yokuhlala alunabungozi bokuqalisa umlilo wasendle - enye impumelelo enkulu kubahlawuli berhafu bePG&E.

4. Ukudala imisebenzi

NgokukaSave California Solar, uphahla lwelanga luqesha abasebenzi abangaphezu kwama-70,000 eCalifornia. Elo nani kumele ukuba lisakhula. Nangona kunjalo, ngo-2023, izivumelwano ze-PG&E ze-NEM 3 zathatha indawo ye-NEM 2 kulo lonke ukufakelwa kophahla olutsha. Olona tshintsho luphambili yayikukucutha, ngama-75%, ixabiso lePG&E elihlawula abanini belanga eliseluphahleni lombane eliwuthengayo.

I-California Solar & Storage Association yabika ukuba, ngokwamkelwa kwe-NEM 3, iCalifornia ilahlekelwe malunga ne-17,000 yemisebenzi yokuhlala yelanga. Nangona kunjalo, uphahla lwelanga luyaqhubeka ukudlala indima ebalulekileyo yemisebenzi kuqoqosho olusempilweni lwaseCalifornia.

5. Amatyala aphantsi asetyenziswayo

Uphahla lwelanga lwendawo yokuhlala lunika abanini ithuba lokugcina imali kumatyala abo osetyenziso, nangona amandla olondolozo phantsi kwe-NEM 3 angaphantsi kakhulu kunokuba ayephantsi kwe-NEM 2.

Kubantu abaninzi, inkuthazo yezoqoqosho idlala indima enkulu kwisigqibo sabo sokuba basebenzise amandla elanga. I-Wood Mackenzie, inkampani yokubonisana yamandla ehloniphekileyo, yabika ukuba ukususela ekufikeni kwe-NEM 3, ukufakwa okutsha kwendawo yokuhlala eCalifornia kuye kwawa phantse i-40%.

6. Uphahla olugqunyiweyo - hayi indawo evulekileyo

I-PG&E kunye nabathengisi bayo bentengiso bagubungela amawaka amaninzi eehektare zeendawo ezivulekileyo kwaye bonakalise iihektare ezininzi ngakumbi ngeenkqubo zabo zokuhambisa. Inzuzo ebalulekileyo yokusingqongileyo yophahla lwelanga yokuhlala kukuba iiphaneli zelanga zayo zigubungela amawaka eehektare zophahla kunye neendawo zokupaka, zigcina indawo evulekileyo.

Ukuqukumbela, uphahla lwelanga luyinto enkulu ngokwenene. Umbane ucocekile kwaye uyahlaziyeka. Iindleko zokuhanjiswa azihoyi. Ayitshisi mafutha efosili. Inciphisa imfuno yeziseko zophuhliso ezitsha. Ithoba amatyala aluncedo. Inciphisa ingozi yomlilo wasendle. Ayivali indawo evulekileyo. Kwaye, kudala imisebenzi. Lilonke, liphumelele bonke abantu baseCarlifonia - ukwanda kwayo kufuneka kukhuthazwe.

UDwight Johnson ubenesolar ephahleni eCalifornia ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-15.