Ngokuqhelekileyo, sahlula iinkqubo ze-photovoltaic kwiinkqubo ezizimeleyo, iinkqubo ezixhunyiwe kwigridi kunye neenkqubo ze-hybrid.Ukuba ngokwefomu yesicelo senkqubo ye-photovoltaic yelanga, isikali sesicelo kunye nohlobo lomthwalo, inkqubo ye-photovoltaic yokunikezelwa kwamandla ingahlulwa ngokubanzi.Iinkqubo ze-Photovoltaic nazo zingahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezintandathu ezilandelayo: inkqubo encinci yamandla elanga (SmallDC);inkqubo elula ye-DC (SimpleDC);inkqubo enkulu yamandla elanga (LargeDC);Inkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla e-AC kunye ne-DC (AC/DC);inkqubo eqhagamshelwe kwigridi (UtilityGridConnect);Inkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla eHybrid (Hybrid);Inkqubo ye-hybrid edityanisiweyo.Umgaqo wokusebenza kunye neempawu zenkqubo nganye zichazwe ngezantsi.
1. Isixokelelwano esincinci samandla elanga (SmallDC)
Uphawu lwale nkqubo kukuba kukho umthwalo we-DC kuphela kwinkqubo kwaye amandla omthwalo amancinci.Yonke inkqubo inesakhiwo esilula kunye nokusebenza okulula.Eyona nto isetyenziswayo ziinkqubo zasekhaya ngokubanzi, iimveliso ezahlukeneyo zeDC kunye nezixhobo zokuzonwabisa ezinxulumeneyo.Ngokomzekelo, olu hlobo lwenkqubo ye-photovoltaic lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kummandla osentshona welizwe lam, kwaye umthwalo sisibane se-DC ukusombulula ingxaki yokukhanyisa ekhaya kwiindawo ezingenawo umbane.
2. Inkqubo elula yeDC (SimpleDC)
Uphawu lwenkqubo kukuba umthwalo kwinkqubo ngumthwalo we-DC kwaye akukho mfuneko ekhethekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwexesha lomthwalo.Umthwalo usetyenziswa kakhulu emini, ngoko akukho bhetri okanye umlawuli kwinkqubo.Inkqubo inesakhiwo esilula kwaye inokusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo.Amacandelo e-Photovoltaic anika amandla kumthwalo, ukuphelisa isidingo sokugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokukhululwa kwibhetri, kunye nokulahlekelwa kwamandla kumlawuli, kunye nokuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.
3 Isixokelelwano esikhulu samandla elanga (LargeDC)
Xa kuthelekiswa nezi zimbini zingentla iinkqubo photovoltaic, le nkqubo photovoltaic isafaneleka iinkqubo zonikezelo lwamandla DC, kodwa olu hlobo inkqubo photovoltaic elanga ngokuqhelekileyo inamandla umthwalo omkhulu.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umthwalo unokunikezelwa ngokuthembekileyo ngokunikezelwa kwamandla okuzinzile, inkqubo yayo ehambelanayo Isikali siphinde sikhulu, sidinga uluhlu olukhulu lwemodyuli ye-photovoltaic kunye nebhetri enkulu yelanga.Iifomu zayo zesicelo eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya unxibelelwano, i-telemetry, izixhobo zokubeka esweni umbane, unikezelo lombane oluphakathi kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni, iibhakhoni, izibane zasezitalatweni, njl.
Ihluke kwiinkqubo ezintathu ze-photovoltaic zelanga ezingentla, le nkqubo ye-photovoltaic inokubonelela ngamandla kwimithwalo ye-DC kunye ne-AC ngexesha elifanayo.Ngokubhekiselele kulwakhiwo lwenkqubo, ineziguquli ezininzi kunezi nkqubo zintathu zingentla ukuguqula amandla eDC kumandla e-AC.Imfuno yomthwalo we-AC.Ngokubanzi, usetyenziso lwamandla omthwalo wolu hlobo lwenkqubo lukhulu kakhulu, ngoko ke umlinganiselo wenkqubo nawo mkhulu.Isetyenziswa kwezinye izikhululo ezisisiseko zonxibelelwano kunye nemithwalo ye-AC kunye ne-DC kunye nezinye izityalo zamandla e-photovoltaic ezinomthwalo we-AC kunye ne-DC.
Inkqubo eqhagamshelwe kwigridi e-5 (UtilityGridConnect)
Eyona nto inkulu yolu hlobo lwenkqubo ye-solar photovoltaic kukuba amandla e-DC aveliswa yi-photovoltaic array aguqulwa abe ngumbane we-AC ohlangabezana neemfuno zegridi yamandla amakhulu nge-inverter edibeneyo yegridi, kwaye emva koko iqhagamshelwe ngokuthe ngqo kwinethiwekhi ye-mains.Kwinkqubo edibeneyo yegridi, amandla aveliswa yi-PV array ayinikezelwanga kuphela kwi-AC Ngaphandle komthwalo, amandla angaphezulu abuyiselwa kwigridi.Ngeentsuku zemvula okanye ebusuku, xa i-photovoltaic array ingenzi umbane okanye umbane owenziweyo awukwazi ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yomthwalo, uya kunikwa amandla yigridi.
6 Inkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla eHybrid (Hybrid)
Ukongeza ekusebenziseni iimodyuli zemodyuli ye-solar photovoltaic, olu hlobo lwenkqubo ye-solar photovoltaic iphinda isebenzise iijeneretha ze-diesel njengomthombo wamandla wokugcina.Injongo yokusebenzisa isixokelelwano sobonelelo lwamandla oluxutyiweyo kukusebenzisa ngokubanzi iingenelo zobuchule bokuvelisa amandla ohlukeneyo kunye nokuphepha iziphene zabo.Ngokomzekelo, iingenelo zeenkqubo ezizimeleyo ze-photovoltaic ezichazwe ngasentla zingaphantsi kokugcinwa, kodwa ukungonakali kukuba ukuphuma kwamandla kuxhomekeke kwimozulu kwaye ingazinzile.Xa kuthelekiswa nenkqubo eyodwa yokuzimela yamandla, i-hybrid power supply system esebenzisa i-diesel generator kunye ne-photovoltaic arrays inokubonelela ngamandla angaxhomeki kwimozulu.Izibonelelo zayo zezi:
1. Ukusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla exutyiweyo kunokufikelela kusetyenziso olungcono lwamandla ahlaziyekayo.
2. Inenkqubo ephezulu enokwenzeka.
3. Xa kuthelekiswa nenkqubo yejenereyitha ye-diesel enye, inokugcinwa okuncinci kwaye isebenzisa amafutha amancinci.
4. Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwamafutha.
5. Ukuguquguquka okungcono kokuhambelana nomthwalo.
Inkqubo ye-hybrid ineziphene zayo:
1. Ulawulo lunzima ngakumbi.
2. Iprojekthi yokuqala inkulu kakhulu.
3. Ifuna ulondolozo olungaphezulu kunenkqubo ezimeleyo.
4. Ungcoliseko nengxolo.
7. Inkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla edibeneyo yegridi (Hybrid)
Ngophuhliso lweshishini le-solar optoelectronics, kukho inkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla edibeneyo yegridi enokuthi isebenzise ngokubanzi i-solar photovoltaic module arrays, ii-mains kunye noomatshini beoyile yogcino.Olu hlobo lwenkqubo luhlala ludityaniswe nomlawuli kunye ne-inverter, usebenzisa i-chip yekhompyuter ukulawula ngokupheleleyo ukusebenza kwenkqubo yonke, ngokubanzi usebenzisa imithombo eyahlukeneyo yamandla ukufezekisa eyona meko isebenzayo, kwaye inokusebenzisa ibhetri ukuphucula ngakumbi inkqubo yomthwalo isiqinisekiso unikezelo lwamandla izinga , Njengenkqubo yokuguqula i-SMD ye-AES.Inkqubo inokubonelela ngamandla afanelekileyo kwimithwalo yendawo kwaye inokusebenza njenge-UPS ye-intanethi (unikezelo lwamandla olungenakuphazamiseka).Inokubonelela ngombane kwigridi okanye ifumane amandla kwigridi.
Imodi yokusebenza yenkqubo idla ngokusebenza ngokuhambelana neentloko kunye namandla elanga.Kwimithwalo yendawo, ukuba amandla ombane awenziwe yimodyuli ye-photovoltaic anele umthwalo, uya kusebenzisa ngokuthe ngqo amandla ombane awenziwe yimodyuli ye-photovoltaic ukubonelela ngemfuno yomthwalo.Ukuba amandla aveliswa yimodyuli ye-photovoltaic idlula imfuno yomthwalo okhawulezayo, amandla angaphezulu angabuyiselwa kwigridi;ukuba amandla aveliswa yimodyuli ye-photovoltaic ayanele, amandla okusebenza aya kusetyenziswa ngokuzenzekelayo, kwaye amandla okusebenza aya kusetyenziswa ukubonelela imfuno yomthwalo wendawo.Xa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla omthwalo kungaphantsi kwe-60% yomthamo olinganisiweyo we-inverter ye-SMD, iinqununu ziya kuhlawula ngokuzenzekelayo ibhetri ukuqinisekisa ukuba ibhetri ikwimeko ejikelezayo ixesha elide;ukuba iinqununu ziyasilela, umbane oyintloko uyasilela okanye amandla amakhulu Ukuba umgangatho awufanelekanga, inkqubo iya kukhupha ngokuzenzekelayo amandla amakhulu kwaye itshintshele kwindlela yokusebenza ezimeleyo.Ibhetri kunye ne-inverter zibonelela ngamandla e-AC afunwa ngumthwalo.
Nje ukuba amandla amakhulu abuyele kwisiqhelo, oko kukuthi, i-voltage kunye ne-frequency ibuyiselwe kwisimo esiqhelekileyo esikhankanywe ngasentla, inkqubo iya kuqhawula ibhetri kwaye itshintshele kwimowudi edityanisiweyo yegridi, inikwe amandla ombane.Kwezinye iinkqubo zonikezelo lwamandla e-grid edityanisiweyo, ukubekwa esweni kwenkqubo, ulawulo kunye nemisebenzi yokufumana idatha nayo inokudityaniswa kwi-chip yokulawula.Amacandelo angundoqo ale nkqubo ngumlawuli kunye ne-inverter.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-26-2021